Digitalized Spiritual Authenticity: Pesantren’s Simplicity Subverting Consumerist Culture Generation Z

Abstract

Digital consumerism increasingly challenges the simplicity and spiritual discipline traditionally cultivated in pesantren among Generation Z. This study examines how pesantren simplicity is experienced as a form of digital spiritual authenticity within consumerist culture. A qualitative case study involved 20 purposively selected informants, comprising 14 Generation Z santri, three teachers, two dormitory supervisors, and one pesantren leader, using semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation. Data were analysed through data condensation, display, and verification, with triangulation and member checking strengthening validity. Findings reveal three patterns: digital simplicity strengthens spiritual identity formation; consumerist pressures challenge simplicity practices; and digital authenticity shapes religiously informed consumption choices. The study contributes a framework positioning simplicity as an active mechanism for negotiating digital consumerism rather than rejecting technology. It recommends integrating spiritual self-regulation, critical digital literacy, and consumption awareness into pesantren education. This perspective also supports pesantren leaders in developing value-based digital education that preserves religious authenticity while enabling responsible participation in consumer culture.