Analisis Rethinking Constitutional Education: Artificial Intelligence as a Catalyst for Critical Legal Learning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61987/ilij.v1i1.167Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Legislative Formation, Legal Governance, Human OversightAbstract
Artificial intelligence is increasingly integrated into legal activities, creating opportunities for more efficient processing of legislative information while raising questions about legal authority and institutional accountability. This study examines the functional role and legal boundaries of AI in legislative formation and identifies regulatory gaps governing its use. Using a normative qualitative approach, the study analyzes legislation, ministerial regulations, policy documents, and relevant scholarly literature through document analysis and interpretive legal analysis. The findings show that AI can support regulatory searches, legal information processing, document organization, preliminary drafting, textual comparison, and identification of potentially inconsistent provisions. However, AI-generated outputs remain technical inputs requiring human verification and institutional authorization. The study contributes a human-centered framework that distinguishes technological assistance from legislative authority and highlights gaps in verification, responsibility, data governance, and supervision. It recommends sector-specific governance mechanisms to ensure accountable, transparent, and legally controlled AI-assisted legislative processes.
References
Abbas, S., & Murziqin, R. (2021). Sharia-Based Regional Regulations in the Indonesian National Law System. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 9(3), 529–548. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v9i3.673
Abidin, M. Z., Syauqi, A., & Rohman, A. (2026). Truth in the Age of Disinformation : The Relevance of Islamic Epistemology in Filtering Digital Religious Narratives. Insight : Journal of Islamic Thought and Society, 1(1), 43–57.
Ahmad Dwi, N., & Abdul Kadir, J. (2024). The Role of State Official Wealth Report in Realizing the Principles of Maqashid Sharia. Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 32(1), 155–181. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v32i1.32879
Albreem, M. A., Sheikh, A. M., Alsharif, M. H., Jusoh, M., & Mohd Yasin, M. N. (2021). Green Internet of Things (GIoT): Applications, Practices, Awareness, and Challenges. IEEE Access, 9, 38833–38858. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3061697
Amann, J., Vayena, E., Ormond, K. E., Frey, D., Madai, V. I., & Blasimme, A. (2023). Expectations and Attitudes Towards Medical Artificial Intelligence. PLoS ONE, 18(1 January). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279088
Anisaturrizqi, R., & Yulianti, R. R. (2025). Global Trends and Transformative Insights in Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) Research : A Bibliometric Analysis of the Dynamics of Education , Ethics , and Innovation. Indonesian Journal of Progressive Pedagogy, 01(01), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.61987/ijpp.v1i1.665
Awaliah, S., Rahim, F. R., & Husain, M. (2025). Digitalizing Fatwas: A Jurisprudential Analysis of Muslim Social Interactions in Virtual Spaces. Al-Fiqh: Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 1(2), 88–100. https://doi.org/10.61987/fiqh.v1i2.989
Baxi, V., Edwards, R., Montalto, M., & Saha, S. (2022). Digital Pathology and Artificial Intelligence in Translational Medicine and Clinical Practice. In Modern Pathology (Vol. 35, Issue 1, pp. 23–32). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-021-00919-2
Cao, R. (2022). Multiple Realizability and the Spirit of Functionalism. Synthese, 200(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-03524-1
Cerny, M. (2023). Perceptions of Design and Use of Chatbots for Educational Purposes. Journal of Educators Online, 20(4). https://doi.org/10.9743/JEO.2023.20.4.3
Chan, M. M., & De La Roca, M. (2023). The Potential Role of AI-based Chatbots in Engineering Education. Experiences from a Teaching Perspective. In Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE58773.2023.10343296
Chen, H. (2023). Ethics of Emerging Science and Technology Needs Strengthening Interdisciplinary Research. Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin, 68(13), 1617–1620. https://doi.org/10.1360/TB-2022-1304
Chi, G., Dong, B., Zhou, Y., & Jin, P. (2024). Long-Horizon Predictions of Credit Default with Inconsistent Customers. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.123008
Chua, I. S., Gaziel-Yablowitz, M., Bates, D. W., & Hassett, M. (2021). Artificial intelligence in oncology: Path to implementation. In Cancer Medicine (Vol. 10, Issue 12, pp. 4138–4149). https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.3935
Ferhi, A., & Helali, K. (2024). The Impact of Renewable Energy on the Environment and Socio-economic Welfare: Empirical Evidence from OECD Countries. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 15(1), 4776–4799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01320-x
Gorda, A. A. A. N. S. R., & Moisa, R. V. (2022). Legal Protection for Copyright Holders of Commercialized Remix Song Cover Version. Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 30(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v30i1.17034
Hassan, S. Z., & Laval, U. (2024). Morality in Higher Education’s AI Integration: Examining Ethical Stances on Implementation. Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 2(2), 70-82. https://doi.org/10.33650/ijess.v3i1.8405
Hosna, R., Baharun, H., Hery Qusyairi, L. A., Mualimin, M., Fauzi, A., & Putri, D. F. (2025). Utilization of Digital Advertising Strategy in Marketing Educational Programs. 2025 11th International Conference on Education and Technology (ICET), 34–39. https://doi.org/10.1109/icet67257.2025.11290729
Hosna, R., Idawati, K., Mahsun, A., Budiarti, E. M., & Ilahiyah, I. I. (2025). Artificial Intelligence-Based Learning Assistance for the Subject of Faith and Morals in Islamic Boarding School-Based Madrasas. Communautaire: Journal of Community Service, 4(2), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.61987/communautaire.v4i2.1224
Islamiyah, M. (2025). A Digital Transformation Framework for Pesantren: Integrating Technology and Sharia Principles in Startup Development. Al-Fiqh Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 1(2), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.61987/fiqh.v1i2.1354
Izzah, N., Harahap, I., & Ramadhan, M. (2025). Rural Poverty in Indonesia: Insights from Maqashid Syariah and Key Determinants. Business and Applied Management Journal, 2(2), 157–171. https://doi.org/10.61987/bamj.v3i1.1253
Kartika, T., Firdaus, A., & Najib, M. (2020). Contrasting the Drivers of Customer Loyalty: Financing and Depositor Customers, Single and Dual Customers, in Indonesian Islamic Banks. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 11(4), 933–959. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2017-0040
Khomairotusshiyama, U., & Diana, E. (2025). Utilization of Artificial Intelligence for Recruitment of the Best Educational Talent. Indonesian Journal of Progressive Pedagogy, 01(01), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.61987/ijpp.v1i1.653
Kierzyk, T., & Pólkowski, Z. (2021). Transformation of Higher Educational Institutions from Distance Learning to E-learning 5.0: An Analysis. In Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies (Vol. 54, pp. 923–934). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8335-3_70
Kovalchuk, V., Reva, S., Volch, I., Shcherbyna, S., Mykhailyshyn, H., & Lychova, T. (2025). Artificial Intelligence as an Effective Tool for Personalized Learning in Modern Education. In Environment Technology Resources - Proceedings of the 16th International Scientific and Practical Conference (Vol. 3, pp. 187–194). https://doi.org/10.17770/etr2025vol3.8534
Lutsenko, O. Y. E., Getman, A. P., Tkachenko, V. S., & Nazymko, E. S. (2024). Regulating Working Hours in the Transition to Flexible Work. Bestuur, 12(2), 191–214. https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v12i2.94072
Mascarenhas, D., & Teodoro, V. D. (2023). Correlational Study between the Global Results of the PISA 2018 domains and the TALIS 2018 Indicators. Revista Lusófona de Educação, 56(56), 179–197. https://doi.org/10.24140/issn.1645-7250.rle56.12
McKinney, S. M., Sieniek, M., Godbole, V., & King, D. (2020). International Evaluation of an AI System for Breast Cancer Screening. Nature, 577(7788), 89–94. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1799-6
Morales, S. G. (2023). Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Fight Unemployment and Conflict between State and Regional Competences in active Employment Policies. Revista de Derecho de la Seguridad Social, Laborum, 2023(Special Issue), 211–219.
Najiburrohman, M., Jali, H. B., & Maulidy, A. (2026). Generative AI Policy-Oriented Framework for Risk-Aware Technology Management in Higher Education E-Platforms. 2026 International Conference on Enterprise and Industrial System (ICOEINS), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOEINS69996.2026.11605438
Nazila, I. A., & Ramadhania, S. N. (2026). Digital Anxiety and the Search for Meaning: Integrating Fiqh Principles as a Coping Mechanism for Gen Z’s FoMO. Al-Fiqh: Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 2(1), 42–58. https://serambi.org/index.php/fiqh/article/view/999
Sain, Z. H. (2025). From Chalkboards to Chatbots: Revolutionizing Education with AI-Driven Learning Innovations. Educative: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 3(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.70437/educative.v3i1.823
Siregar, F. E. (2020). The Role of the Elections Supervisory Agency to Contend Hoax and Hate Speech in the Course of 2019 Indonesian General Election. Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 7(2), 158–180. https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v7n2.a2
Tabroni, R., Izudin, A., Isnanto, M., Sujibto, B. J., Yuwono, Dandung Budi, & Suarsana, I Made. (2025). Hybridity, Intersection, and Challenge: Navigating the History of Customary and Islamic Family Law in Moluccan Marriages. Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 18(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2015.18101
Ulfa, M., & Hina, S. (2025). The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Improving the Quality of Education in Early Childhood Education Programs. Indonesian Journal of Progressive Pedagogy, 1(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.61987/ijpp.v1i1.666
Wadi, M. H., Malli, R., & Asykur, M. (2023). Digital Age Education Management Strategies in Facing Global Changes in Islamic Education. Business and Applied Management Journal, 1(1), 23-36. https://doi.org/10.61987/bamj.v1i1.355
Widad, S., & Suliyanto, S. (2025). The Digital Transformation and Economic Independence in Islamic Boarding Schools: Building a Sharia-Compliant Startup Ecosystem. Al-Fiqh Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 1(2), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.61987/fiqh.v1i2.1323
Widiasari, F., & Zahro, F. (2024). Behaviour Management in the Classroom: Improving the Quality of Education through Systematic Optimization of the Learning Environment. FALASIFA : Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 15(1), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.62097/falasifa.v15i1.1787
Wudarski, A. (2020). Forming Principles of Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets in the United States. Forum Prawnicze, 2020(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.32082/fp.v1i1(57).280
Xia, Z., Li, Y., Zhang, W., Guo, S., Zheng, L., Jia, N., Chen, R., Guo, X., & Du, P. (2023). Quantitatively Distinguishing the Impact of Solar Photovoltaics Programs on Vegetation in Dryland Using Satellite Imagery. Land Degradation and Development, 34(14), 4373–4385. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4783
Yakubu, M. A., Sain, Z. H., Lawal, U. S., Arif, M., & Hakim, R. (2025). Student Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence as a Virtual Tutor and Its Relation to Self-Efficacy in Learning. Indonesian Journal of Progressive Pedagogy, 01(01), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.61987/ijpp.v1i1.631
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Athsan Iqra Al-Qazaza, Jumriana S
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
